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Time Period Chapter

A New Virginia

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In the early twentieth century, the nation’s economy was becoming more industrialized and its population more urbanized.

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Made in Virginia

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For more than 400 years, Virginians have been part of a global community—exporting ideas, products, and culture to the...

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Political Decline and Westward Migration

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The political stature of Virginia declined on the national stage when no successors of ability emerged to replace the...

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Racial Inequality

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Confederate defeat threatened to change white southern identity. Suddenly African Americans were free to determine the...

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Reconstruction

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During the decade following the Civil War, former Confederate states were required to “reconstruct” their state...

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Slavery

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Virginia’s 550,000 slaves constituted one third of the state’s population in 1860.

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The Battlefront in Virginia

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Home to the Confederate capital, Virginia became a battleground.

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The French and Indian War

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To shield against Indian attacks and French expansion, and to deter runaway slaves from establishing colonies in the...

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The Growth of Industry

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New industries were emerging in Virginia’s cities. Richmond, Norfolk, Petersburg, Fredericksburg, Lynchburg, and...

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The Struggle for Equality

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The American concept that all people are equal and all have unalienable rights was introduced by Virginians George Mason...

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Virginia’s Traffic in the Atlantic World

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Tobacco proved to be good as gold for Virginians. Wealth from its sale and easy navigation of the colony’s rivers...

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War on the Home Front

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For some, the war brought deprivation, horror, and loss right to their very doorsteps.