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A Beardless Boy of Seventeen Years

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Even before Aristophanes wrote of Lysistrata’s plan to end the Peloponnesian War (431–404 BCE) by convincing the women...

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A Post-WWII Mother's Day Card

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On June 25, 1944, from an Army Air Force base in Cerignola, Italy, 2d Lt. Harold Leazer penned a letter to his mother in...

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Arming the Commonwealth

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From providing protection from enemy combatants to finding dinner for a family, weapons have played a significant role...

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Camp Greble: A Union encampment near Norfolk, Virginia

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This poignant, detailed plan was drafted in February 1862 by Private Frank Maynicke of the 99th New York State...

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Carving Out Space in the Military: WAVES

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World War II opened new opportunities for women in the military and on the home front, though it was not the first war...

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Céloron Plate

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One of the most important artifacts to survive from Virginia’s colonial period, this lead plaque was placed at the...

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Christmas in the Trenches

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Read excerpts from soldiers' letters home about their Christmas meals while stationed away from home.

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Clemenceau Givings Scrapbook (c. 1944)

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In 1943, Clemenceau “Clem” Givings became the first Richmonder to earn his wings as a Tuskegee Airman, the popular name...

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Diary of William Gwathmey, 1859

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On October 16, 1859, John Brown led eighteen followers in a raid on the federal arsenal and armory at Harpers Ferry...

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Founding Frenemies: Hamilton and The Virginians

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This exhibition examined how critically important relationships between Alexander Hamilton and three Virginians shaped...

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George Washington Portrait by Charles Peale Polk

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This depiction of George Washington (1732–1799) as commander of the Continental army was painted in the 1790s by Charles...

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Harold's Boys

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On June 26, 1944, 2d Lt. Harold Leazer took the controls of his B-24 Liberator as it lifted off from its base in...

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How Did Civilians Suffer?

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White women and children were left to fend for themselves, and many became widows and orphans when one in five...

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Jacob L. "JL" Morewitz

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Jacob L. “JL” Morewitz was born in Baltimore, Maryland, in 1896 but raised in Norfolk, Virginia. In 1916, at the age of...

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Juneteenth

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Pop Civ is a series developed by the John Marshall Center for Constitutional History & Civics at the VMHC. By connecting...

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Love and War

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Though it has torn many asunder, war has also brought people together.

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Men of Color To Arms?

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When the war began, many black Americans—North and South—volunteered to serve as soldiers. United by a belief in black...

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Mexican-American War: 175 Years Later

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Of the five Americans who were most involved in the War with Mexico, four were Virginians. They were politicians and...

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Mosher's Memoir: WWI from a Virginia Soldier's Point of View

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Take an inside look at the experiences of Hugh E. Mosher of Roanoke, Virginia as he writes about his life as a soldier...

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Murals Inspired by the Story of Virginia

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Richmond is now home to more than 100 outdoor murals, and this popular form of artwork reflects the city’s modernity and...