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Jim Crow to Civil Rights in Virginia
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![Bury Jim Crow Bury Jim Crow](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/VHE_JimCrow_BuryJimCrow.jpg.webp?itok=bLk6kSKS)
Following the Civil War, black Virginians struggled to assert their independence and make freedom meaningful. In the...
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John Carter of Mars
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![Swords of Mars and Synthetic Men of Mars Swords of Mars and Synthetic Men of Mars](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/PS3503.U687.G58.1971.Cover_.jpg.webp?itok=EZ7A1juk)
Edgar Rice Burroughs (1875–1950), best known as the creator of the Tarzan books, also wrote a popular science fiction...
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Joy to the World: The Christmas Story by Visionary Painter Linda Bruton
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![The Nativity Interior scene with Jesus in manger in center surrounded by Mary and three men. Mixed media, including magic marker and glitter.](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/Linda%20Bruton_BHM.0008_v1_0.jpg.webp?itok=p17SffZI)
The depiction of events prior to, during, and following the birth of Christ has been a favorite topic among Western...
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Juneteenth
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![Juneteenth Flag Juneteenth Flag](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/PopCiv_Juneteenth_Flag.png.webp?itok=zFWtlf45)
Pop Civ is a series developed by the John Marshall Center for Constitutional History & Civics at the VMHC. By connecting...
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L. Douglas Wilder
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![VHE_DouglasWilder_teaser.jpg VHE_DouglasWilder_teaser.jpg](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/VHE_DouglasWilder_teaser.jpg.webp?itok=7vI7a4fh)
Learn about L. Douglas Wilder, the first elected African American governor in United States history.
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Maggie Lena Walker
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![VHE_MaggieLWalker_Teaser.jpg VHE_MaggieLWalker_Teaser.jpg](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/VHE_MaggieLWalker_Teaser.jpg.webp?itok=LGIwISLy)
Maggie Lena Walker (1864–1934) was the daughter of Elizabeth Draper, a former kitchen slave and then cook in the Civil...
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Murals Inspired by the Story of Virginia
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![Still Relevant by Ed Trask Ed Trask paints a mural of flowers](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/FreshPaint_StillRelevant_DSC0887_e1%20copy.jpg.webp?itok=vx9S_GnP)
Richmond is now home to more than 100 outdoor murals, and this popular form of artwork reflects the city’s modernity and...
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Olaudah Equiano
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![VHE_OlaudahEquiano_Teaser.jpg VHE_OlaudahEquiano_Teaser.jpg](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/VHE_OlaudahEquiano_Teaser.jpg.webp?itok=pUL5Qd1M)
Snatched from his Ibo village in Nigeria at the age of eleven, Equiano (c. 1745-1797) was transported to Barbados...
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Political Sheet Music
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![Never Swap Horses When You're Crossing a Stream Never Swap Horses When You're Crossing a Stream](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/VHE_Political%20music_NeverSwapHorses.jpg.webp?itok=wXxa00If)
Politicians have long appreciated the value of a campaign song during an election year. A popular tune can rally the...
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Proud American Day program
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![VHE_NegroHistoryWeek_Teaser.jpg VHE_NegroHistoryWeek_Teaser.jpg](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/VHE_NegroHistoryWeek_Teaser.jpg.webp?itok=AfDcfCor)
Learn about the beginning of Black History Month.
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Richard E. Byrd
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![VHE_RichardEByrd_Teaser.jpg VHE_RichardEByrd_Teaser.jpg](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/VHE_RichardEByrd_Teaser.jpg.webp?itok=k-ylWp_A)
Lieutenant (later Admiral) Richard E. Byrd reputedly was the first man (along with crew member Floyd Bennett) to fly...
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Separate and Unequal: The Breakdown of Segregation in Virginia Schools
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![Teenagers protesting school closings Historic photograph of two black teenage girls protesting school closings](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/Farmville%2BProtest%20%28002%29%20v2.jpg.webp?itok=vR6ip63v)
The Virginia Constitution of 1869 established a statewide system of free public schools. The schools evolved in the...
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The Twentieth Century: Cities, Cars, and Civil Rights
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Technological revolutions, increased urbanization, and advances in civil rights created the commonwealth we know today.
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Tom Molineaux
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![VHE_TomMolineaux_Teaser.jpg VHE_TomMolineaux_Teaser.jpg](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/VHE_TomMolineaux_Teaser.jpg.webp?itok=caFtfs2X)
Born into enslavement on a Virginia plantation, Tom Molineaux (1784–1818) fought fellow enslaved people while plantation...
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Urbanization in Virginia
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![VHE_Urbanization_BroadSt.Richmond.2002.266.41.jpg VHE_Urbanization_BroadSt.Richmond.2002.266.41.jpg](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/VHE_Urbanization_BroadSt.Richmond.2002.266.41.jpg.webp?itok=kl_JlMML)
Learn about the process of urbanization in Virginia.
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Walter Washington Foster Glass Plate Negatives Collection
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![KirksmithSisters.1991.1.28574.jpg KirksmithSisters.1991.1.28574.jpg](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/KirksmithSisters.1991.1.28574.jpg.webp?itok=aRIS1GdJ)
Originally from Norfolk, Walter Washington Foster relocated to Richmond, where he worked in partnership with other...
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What's For Breakfast?
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![](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/Breakfast_toaster-1996-153-9_closed_sil.jpeg.webp?itok=uV6PJk1d)
This toaster was made possible by the invention of a wire made of nickel and chromium that could be heated quickly to a...
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Who was Oliver Hill?
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![](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/OliverHill_oliverhill_authorization.jpeg.webp?itok=KCgWDR4c)
The VMHC has a group of items that belonged to Oliver W. Hill, Sr., a prominent Richmond civil rights attorney, donated...
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Why We Need to Talk About James Armistead Lafayette
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![James Armistead Lafayette An 1824 engraving of James Armistead Lafayette, after a painting by John B. Martin. The print reproduces the handwritten text of a 1784 testimonial by the Marquis de Lafayette.](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/JamesLafayette_jamesalafayette-1993-215_crop.jpg.webp?itok=1yhFWQLq)
James Armistead Lafayette was an enslaved man who, during the American Revolution, volunteered to join the Continental...
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Women in Virginia
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![VHE_Women_EqualSuffrageLeague.2002.226.1.jpg VHE_Women_EqualSuffrageLeague.2002.226.1.jpg](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/VHE_Women_EqualSuffrageLeague.2002.226.1.jpg.webp?itok=o6r2OyVN)
Learn about how women in the early 20th century lived in Virginia.