The search results below contain listings from our website. To search our library and museum collections catalogs, please visit the Collections page.
Article Set - Intro
General Orders No. 61
Image
![G.O.61.jpg G.O.61.jpg](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/G.O.61.jpg.webp?itok=f56lVupR)
On May 2, 1863, during the battle of Chancellorsville, friendly fire struck Lt. Gen. Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson while he and others rode amid the chaos of the still-forming Confederate lines. Thus began the series of events that led eventually to Robert E. Lee composing General Orders No. 61, which announced to his army the death of Jackson.
Article Set - Chapter
Hampton Institute and Booker T. Washington
Hampton Normal and Agricultural Institute was founded in 1868 by General Samuel Armstrong. He was interested in moral
Article Set - Chapter
Interpreting Historical Images
A historical image can be interpreted in a number of ways. Each approach brings a different set of considerations, or frame
Article Set - Chapter
Invented Scenes for Narratives
When artists were hired to illustrate written accounts of events in Virginia, they did not aim to make realistic
Article Set - Intro
Lee and Grant
Image
![0.25 LetUsHavePEace_Grant_Lee.jpg 0.25 LetUsHavePEace_Grant_Lee.jpg](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/0.25%20LetUsHavePEace_Grant_Lee.jpg.webp?itok=xTzdH4gk)
By the end of the Civil War, most Americans considered either Robert E. Lee or Ulysses S. Grant to be a hero. The time has come for a reassessment of these two men, on whom fell the greatest responsibility for the survival or disintegration of the United States.
Article Set - Chapter
Massive Resistance
In 1954, the political organization of U.S. senator Harry F. Byrd, Sr., controlled Virginia politics. Senator Byrd promoted
Article Set - Chapter
Memory
Which John Brown have Americans remembered? The crusader for abolition or the bloodthirsty terrorist? Brown was not forgotten
Article Set - Chapter
Ongoing Resistance to Desegregation
By 1964, five years after the end of Massive Resistance, only 5 percent of black students in Virginia were attending
Article Set - Chapter
Online Resources
Anyone conducting research on the Civil War in Virginia is faced with a daunting task. Thousands of books have been written
Time Period Chapter
Political Decline and Westward Migration
Image
![ConestogaWagon.1993.48_side.jpg ConestogaWagon.1993.48_side.jpg](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/ConestogaWagon.1993.48_side.jpg.webp?itok=9bwRymof)
The political stature of Virginia declined on the national stage when no successors of ability emerged to replace the...
Time Period Chapter
Racial Inequality
Image
![BookerTWashington.2006.200.jpg BookerTWashington.2006.200.jpg](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/BookerTWashington.2006.200.jpg.webp?itok=Kfqz7j1l)
Confederate defeat threatened to change white southern identity. Suddenly African Americans were free to determine the...
Article Set - Chapter
Reconciliation
After Appomattox, Ulysses S. Grant was the savior of the United States, while Robert E. Lee was the greatest hero of the Lost
Time Period Chapter
Reconstruction
Image
![Flag.1992.189_sil.jpg Flag.1992.189_sil.jpg](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/Flag.1992.189_sil.jpg.webp?itok=7-EcTTNs)
During the decade following the Civil War, former Confederate states were required to “reconstruct” their state...
Article Set - Chapter
Rising Black Consciousness
Part of the reasoning cited in the Brown decision was that discrimination greatly diminished Black pupils' self-esteem. As
Article Set - Chapter
Robert Knox Sneden Chronology
1832 June 3 born in Annapolis Royal, Nova Scotia, British provinces of America 1851 family moves to New York 1858 earliest
Article Set - Chapter
School Busing
Because Black and white Virginians generally lived in segregated neighborhoods in the mid-twentieth century, race-neutral
Time Period Chapter
Slavery
Image
![VAGazette.PurdieDixon.1769Sept14_TJSlaveAd.jpg VAGazette.PurdieDixon.1769Sept14_TJSlaveAd.jpg](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/VAGazette.PurdieDixon.1769Sept14_TJSlaveAd.jpg.webp?itok=h4pjmUQT)
Virginia’s 550,000 slaves constituted one third of the state’s population in 1860.
Article Set - Chapter
Surviving War – The Home Front
The prospect of life under United States military occupation caused some Virginians in the path of early U.S. advances to
Time Period Chapter
The Battlefront in Virginia
Image
![The Battle Between the Monitor and the Merrimac The Battle Between the Monitor and the Merrimac](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/MonitorMerrimac.1998.53_2.jpg.webp?itok=UEoAfDG5)
Home to the Confederate capital, Virginia became a battleground.
Article Set - Chapter
The Civil War
In the spring of 1861, as the still youthful nation moved ever closer to what would become the Civil War, both Robert E. Lee