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Juneteenth
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![Juneteenth Flag Juneteenth Flag](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/PopCiv_Juneteenth_Flag.png.webp?itok=zFWtlf45)
Pop Civ is a series developed by the John Marshall Center for Constitutional History & Civics at the VMHC. By connecting...
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Maggie Lena Walker
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![VHE_MaggieLWalker_Teaser.jpg VHE_MaggieLWalker_Teaser.jpg](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/VHE_MaggieLWalker_Teaser.jpg.webp?itok=LGIwISLy)
Maggie Lena Walker (1864–1934) was the daughter of Elizabeth Draper, a former kitchen slave and then cook in the Civil...
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Mary-Cooke Branch Munford
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![VHE_MaryMunford_Teaser.jpg VHE_MaryMunford_Teaser.jpg](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/VHE_MaryMunford_Teaser.jpg.webp?itok=uoJNDhBf)
Learn how Mary-Cooke Branch Munford helped improve education in Virginia.
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Murals Inspired by the Story of Virginia
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![Still Relevant by Ed Trask Ed Trask paints a mural of flowers](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/FreshPaint_StillRelevant_DSC0887_e1%20copy.jpg.webp?itok=vx9S_GnP)
Richmond is now home to more than 100 outdoor murals, and this popular form of artwork reflects the city’s modernity and...
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Olaudah Equiano
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![VHE_OlaudahEquiano_Teaser.jpg VHE_OlaudahEquiano_Teaser.jpg](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/VHE_OlaudahEquiano_Teaser.jpg.webp?itok=pUL5Qd1M)
Snatched from his Ibo village in Nigeria at the age of eleven, Equiano (c. 1745-1797) was transported to Barbados...
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Oysters in Virginia
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![VHE_Oysters_OysterCan_Teaser.jpg VHE_Oysters_OysterCan_Teaser.jpg](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/VHE_Oysters_OysterCan_Teaser.jpg.webp?itok=2BC7sR7V)
Learn about the history of oyster in Virginia's food culture, tourism, and economy.
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Political Sheet Music
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![Never Swap Horses When You're Crossing a Stream Never Swap Horses When You're Crossing a Stream](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/VHE_Political%20music_NeverSwapHorses.jpg.webp?itok=wXxa00If)
Politicians have long appreciated the value of a campaign song during an election year. A popular tune can rally the...
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Proud American Day program
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![VHE_NegroHistoryWeek_Teaser.jpg VHE_NegroHistoryWeek_Teaser.jpg](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/VHE_NegroHistoryWeek_Teaser.jpg.webp?itok=AfDcfCor)
Learn about the beginning of Black History Month.
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Separate and Unequal: The Breakdown of Segregation in Virginia Schools
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![Teenagers protesting school closings Historic photograph of two black teenage girls protesting school closings](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/Farmville%2BProtest%20%28002%29%20v2.jpg.webp?itok=vR6ip63v)
The Virginia Constitution of 1869 established a statewide system of free public schools. The schools evolved in the...
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The Central Coca-Cola Bottling Company, Inc.
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![from the book Daytime Radio and increased sales volume , 1948](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/Central-Coca-Cola_Mss3%20C3332a%20FA2.os_.1.png.webp?itok=XAls5svp)
As an American fixture in the beverage industry, the Central Coca-Cola Bottling Company, Inc., of Richmond, Virginia...
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The Resurrection of Henry "Box" Brown
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![VHE_HenryBoxBrown_Teaser.jpg VHE_HenryBoxBrown_Teaser.jpg](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/VHE_HenryBoxBrown_Teaser.jpg.webp?itok=Md-vto04)
Learn about Henry "Box" Brown and one of the most memorable escapes from enslavement.
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The Twentieth Century: Cities, Cars, and Civil Rights
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Technological revolutions, increased urbanization, and advances in civil rights created the commonwealth we know today.
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Thomas Jefferson’s 1774 Summary View of the Rights of British America
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![A Summary View of the Rights of British America A sepia-toned detail of the typeset A Summary View of the Rights of British America](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/SummaryViewOfRights_e211-j45-1774-rare_Crop.jpg.webp?itok=iz80LRmg)
The importance of Summary View is proven by the reappearance in the Declaration of most of its ideas, beginning with...
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Tom Molineaux
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![VHE_TomMolineaux_Teaser.jpg VHE_TomMolineaux_Teaser.jpg](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/VHE_TomMolineaux_Teaser.jpg.webp?itok=caFtfs2X)
Born into enslavement on a Virginia plantation, Tom Molineaux (1784–1818) fought fellow enslaved people while plantation...
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Urbanization in Virginia
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![VHE_Urbanization_BroadSt.Richmond.2002.266.41.jpg VHE_Urbanization_BroadSt.Richmond.2002.266.41.jpg](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/VHE_Urbanization_BroadSt.Richmond.2002.266.41.jpg.webp?itok=kl_JlMML)
Learn about the process of urbanization in Virginia.
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Victory Gardens
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![SB321.N3.1919.Cover_.jpg SB321.N3.1919.Cover_.jpg](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/SB321.N3.1919.Cover_.jpg.webp?itok=14NU7FB-)
First promoted during World War I, war gardening, or victory gardens, provided American citizens an opportunity to...
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Virginia’s Sweet History – Chocolate-Making in the Commonwealth
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![VHE_Chocolate_2019-12-14_Chocolate-Demo001.jpg VHE_Chocolate_2019-12-14_Chocolate-Demo001.jpg](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/VHE_Chocolate_2019-12-14_Chocolate-Demo001.jpg.webp?itok=q1IV_d0S)
Production methods and flavorings have changed in the 4,000 years since chocolate was consumption began, but it remains...
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Walter Washington Foster Glass Plate Negatives Collection
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![KirksmithSisters.1991.1.28574.jpg KirksmithSisters.1991.1.28574.jpg](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/KirksmithSisters.1991.1.28574.jpg.webp?itok=aRIS1GdJ)
Originally from Norfolk, Walter Washington Foster relocated to Richmond, where he worked in partnership with other...
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Why We Need to Talk About James Armistead Lafayette
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![James Armistead Lafayette An 1824 engraving of James Armistead Lafayette, after a painting by John B. Martin. The print reproduces the handwritten text of a 1784 testimonial by the Marquis de Lafayette.](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/JamesLafayette_jamesalafayette-1993-215_crop.jpg.webp?itok=1yhFWQLq)
James Armistead Lafayette was an enslaved man who, during the American Revolution, volunteered to join the Continental...
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Women in Virginia
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![VHE_Women_EqualSuffrageLeague.2002.226.1.jpg VHE_Women_EqualSuffrageLeague.2002.226.1.jpg](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/VHE_Women_EqualSuffrageLeague.2002.226.1.jpg.webp?itok=o6r2OyVN)
Learn about how women in the early 20th century lived in Virginia.