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A Post-WWII Mother's Day Card
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On June 25, 1944, from an Army Air Force base in Cerignola, Italy, 2d Lt. Harold Leazer penned a letter to his mother in...
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Birthday Songs for George Washington
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Though you might not expect it, 1932 was a big year for George Washington. It marked the 200th anniversary of Washington...
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Care Beyond National and Color Lines: Filipino Nurses in Virginia Across the 20th Century
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![Care Beyond National and Color Lines Photograph of Araceli Marcial and her cohort during the Chinese General Hospital School of Nursing graduation march](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/CareBeyondNationalAndColorLines_VHC_FW21_Philippines_AraceliMarcial1.jpeg.webp?itok=B9DrCz6_)
As of Winter 2021, Virginia remains among the top ten states for largest Filipino American populations, and by no...
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Carving Out Space in the Military: WAVES
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![5 A. (G) Nancy Bailey Cogsdale.jpg 5 A. (G) Nancy Bailey Cogsdale.jpg](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/5%20A.%20%28G%29%20Nancy%20Bailey%20Cogsdale.jpg.webp?itok=LGC_1-TY)
World War II opened new opportunities for women in the military and on the home front, though it was not the first war...
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Christmas in the Trenches
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Read excerpts from soldiers' letters home about their Christmas meals while stationed away from home.
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Clemenceau Givings Scrapbook (c. 1944)
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![Embroidered felt patch, "SPIT FIRE." Embroidered felt patch, "SPIT FIRE." Circular patch features a black, fire-breathing panther in the center embroidered on a yellow felt field. Blue emboidery is above and below the panther with "SPIT FIRE" embroidered in black on an orange embroidered field at the bottom.](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/Clemenceau_Givings_%20Unit%20Patch_1992.251.1.34.A-I_G_v1.jpg.webp?itok=NE5RF1Z6)
In 1943, Clemenceau “Clem” Givings became the first Richmonder to earn his wings as a Tuskegee Airman, the popular name...
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Convict Leasing
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For much of the twentieth century, convicts worked on Virginia’s roads. This practice grew out of the convict lease...
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Dugout Canoe
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![VHE_DugoutCanoe_Teaser.jpg VHE_DugoutCanoe_Teaser.jpg](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/VHE_DugoutCanoe_Teaser.jpg.webp?itok=yEgfSazE)
The dugout canoe was an Indian concept but one so well suited to the Virginia rivers that Europeans and Africans also...
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Episcopal Society for Cultural and Racial Unity poster
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![VHE_EpiscopalSociety_Teaser.jpg VHE_EpiscopalSociety_Teaser.jpg](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/VHE_EpiscopalSociety_Teaser.jpg.webp?itok=WBKWgpq8)
The Episcopal Society for Cultural and Racial Unity promoted understanding among groups during the tensions of the civil...
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Equal Suffrage League of Virginia
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![VHE_EqualSuffrageLeague_Broadside-1916-2_Teaser.jpg VHE_EqualSuffrageLeague_Broadside-1916-2_Teaser.jpg](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/VHE_EqualSuffrageLeague_Broadside-1916-2_Teaser.jpg.webp?itok=n8MNY1wY)
Learn about how the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia helped women gain the right to vote.
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Fore-edge Painting
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![The poems of Winthrop Mackworth Praed / with a memoir by the Rev. Derwent Coleridge. Pages ruffled farther apart show a painted landscape and city](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/Foreedge%20Painting_Rare%20Books%20ND%202370%20.P8_v1_DSC3145_0.jpg.webp?itok=ARBwm3xq)
Rarely are books prized as objects of art; often the content of the text, or the plates accompanying the text, are...
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Freedom Riders
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In 1961, a small group of white and black volunteers rode public buses into the South to demonstrate that interstate...
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From Horse-Driven to Gas-Fueled Transportation
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![From Horse-Driven to Gas-Fueled Photograph of the Progress Manufacturing Company](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/FromHorseDrivenToGasFueled_Gas%20Pump_1996.178_v1.jpeg.webp?itok=DosrvziL)
This gravity-flow pump (c. 1927), used near Petersburg, Virginia, is evidence of the state’s transition from horse...
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Harold's Boys
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![leazer group.jpg leazer group.jpg](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/leazer%20group.jpg.webp?itok=OcesvfCc)
On June 26, 1944, 2d Lt. Harold Leazer took the controls of his B-24 Liberator as it lifted off from its base in...
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Jacob L. "JL" Morewitz
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Jacob L. “JL” Morewitz was born in Baltimore, Maryland, in 1896 but raised in Norfolk, Virginia. In 1916, at the age of...
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James Jones Archive (1870s-1960s)
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With a coat of faded red paint and a crude hand-forged hasp to secure its lid, the simple pine chest – once used to...
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Jim Crow to Civil Rights in Virginia
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![Bury Jim Crow Bury Jim Crow](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/VHE_JimCrow_BuryJimCrow.jpg.webp?itok=bLk6kSKS)
Following the Civil War, black Virginians struggled to assert their independence and make freedom meaningful. In the...
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Joy to the World: The Christmas Story by Visionary Painter Linda Bruton
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![The Nativity Interior scene with Jesus in manger in center surrounded by Mary and three men. Mixed media, including magic marker and glitter.](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/Linda%20Bruton_BHM.0008_v1_0.jpg.webp?itok=p17SffZI)
The depiction of events prior to, during, and following the birth of Christ has been a favorite topic among Western...
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Juneteenth
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![Juneteenth Flag Juneteenth Flag](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/PopCiv_Juneteenth_Flag.png.webp?itok=zFWtlf45)
Pop Civ is a series developed by the John Marshall Center for Constitutional History & Civics at the VMHC. By connecting...
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Letters to Santa
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![Mss1.R5495b6810_Letter.jpg Mss1.R5495b6810_Letter.jpg](/sites/default/files/styles/fp_landscape_768x576/public/Mss1.R5495b6810_Letter.jpg.webp?itok=Z4eDM9zk)
Take a closer look at letters to Santa in the VMHC's collections.